Gutenbergs Printing Press as a Turning Point in Modern...

Gutenberg’s Printing Press as a Turning point in Modern Society A turning point entails the landmark moments and forces of change that make up modern history (Liulevicius, 2014). The most important turning point happened way back in 1400. They have helped the human race in their struggle for civilization. These turning points have become a reckoning force in areas that affect people across all parts of the globe. These areas include scientific development, social change, the ever growing wave of technology advancement and innovation, offsets to human intellectual capacity, military techniques for war and natural disasters and most importantly economic development in different economies. One outstanding impact is the ability to bring†¦show more content†¦Reasons why Gutenberg’s Printing Revolution is the most significant turning point of all 1. Gutenberg’s Printing Revolution created a platform for new modern mass media Printed word made it easier for people to look for information and fresh ideas. Ages before printed word, the main form of communication was spoken word. The challenge of spoken word was that people had to memorize texts and information. They had to be trained to recall and pass on that message to another. According to Liulevicius (2014), philosophers such as Socrates perceived writing as a way of encouraging forgetfulness. Print revolution empowered mass media because books, newspapers, pamphlets and journals could be printed in large numbers for the mass audience. 2. Print revolution also provoked the need to store information for future use in learning Gutenberg innovation is the reason why medieval societies across the globe maintained written texts in papyrus scrolls and animal skins. Christianity recorded events in Latin language in monasteries, universities and cathedrals. In the middle ages, scroll and codex were used as hard copies of the modern society. They have been accessed for learning to date (Eisenstein, 2012). 3. It opened up bookselling business In medieval Europe, people would write books and station them in shops. This also brought a new crop of scribes whose work was to produce copies of the text needed by people. However, the whole process involved a lotShow MoreRelatedConstantine s Edict Of Milan854 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout history there have been moments that define the rest of time. Turning points or critical moments in which one decision or creation forever changed the path of history. Such moments as Constantine’s Edict of Milan, Gutenberg’s development of the printing press, and Martin Luther’s Ninety-five Theses forever changed the landscape of Western Civilization. Who knows where Western Civilization would be without these great â€Å"hinges† of history. In 313 CE, Constantine passed the Edict of MilanRead MoreThe Media and the Decline of Critical Thinking2599 Words   |  11 Pages The role of the media in our society has increased dramatically in the last one hundred years. We have gone from taking weeks to send a message a thousand miles away, to being able to send a message instantly anywhere around the globe. The effects this has had on information being exchanged over many different forms of media is staggering. The question that has come to be asked over the years, is what effect has this had on us. Media not only influences the way we see world events suchRead MoreEssay about Summary of History of Graphic Design by Meggs14945 Words   |  60 PagesWedged shaped writing, created in 3000BC. Started as pictographs. - With the discovery of cuneiform, there was a knowledge explosion, where libraries were organized filling with tablets about religion, mathematics, and history. Writing enabled society to stabilize itself, and laws were created. - Two by-products of the rise of village culture were the ownership of property and the specialization of trades. - Egyptians used hieroglyphics. - The Rosetta Stone, which was created in 196 or 197Read MoreManagement Challenges for the 21st Century.Pdf60639 Words   |  243 Pagesindividual knowledge workers affected by these challenges will be employees of business or working with business. Yet this is a MANAGEMENT book rather than a BUSINESS management book. The challenges it presents affect ALL organizations of today’s society. In fact, some of them will affect nonbusinesses even more, if only because a good many nonbusiness organizations—the university, for instance, or the hospital, let alone the government agency—are more rigid and less flexible than businesses are,

Redemption The Last Battle Of The Civil War - 922 Words

Redemption: The Last Battle of the Civil War In Redemption: The Last Battle of the Civil War, Nicholas Lemann describes how reconstruction failed because of the violent strategies and intimidation of white southerners to African Americans, which took place mainly in Southern states like Mississippi and Louisiana. Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation to free slaves in the south in 1863. Later on, the thirteenth amendment was ratified to abolish slavery in 1865. Even though these documents were completed, African Americans were still fighting for their rights and went through hardships to keep their rights with the help of a few leaders. White Southerners believed that racial hierarchy was the natural order and that’s the only order they will go by. Now that blacks are able to vote in the South, the Republicans were winning elections with the help of the black voters. Ruling from the blacks were not accepted by the whites. On April 13, 1873, Louisiana white gover nment and army, the White League attacked black Republican voters. The Colfax Massacre took place in Colfax, Louisiana. It was one of the racial violence incidents that led to the death of more than a hundred African Americans. The southern Democrats feared that African Americans would vote Republican and consider to be equal. The White League wanted to secure white rule in Louisiana. This massacre concluded that it would be hard to promise the safety of African Americans and show what will continueShow MoreRelatedThe Civil War and Reconstruction1315 Words   |  5 Pagespeople still had servants who were essentially slaves though they were paid a miniscule wage), as if it ever was a right. The Civil War commenced, and it was found that cause and the better ability to kill (Northern soldiers died at a rate two times that of Southern soldiers), was superseded by industry and ingenuity. Since the states in the South had been devastated by the War, it was deemed that the victorious bu t beneficent North would attempt to reconstruct the South into a more compliant neighborRead MoreThe Last Battle Of The Civil War959 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership through Redemption In Nicholas Lemann’s story Redemption: The Last Battle of the Civil War, it shows a theme of leadership through the main character of the story, and Adelbert Ames effectively demonstrates the required traits of a main character and a leader. The book focused on a lot of events that happened in the Reconstruction era. It tells about both the political characteristics and the social characteristics that are unraveled throughout the reformation of the South and givingRead MoreAnalysis Of Nicholas Lemann s The Battle Of The Civil War 1567 Words   |  7 Pagesauthor focuses on the reconstruction of Mississippi. He stirs memories of the murderous Southern resistance and to civil rights movements 90 years later. Lemann writes at an era when neo-Confederate sympathies have cropped up again in southern politics, and amid several reports of the suppression of the minority voting throughout the country. Mr. Lemann presents the last battle of the Civil War. Nicholas Lemann’s book helps us to heed to the lessons and experiences of the slaves in the golden age, fromRead MoreAfrican Americ A Transformation For Blacks1390 Words   |  6 Pagesbrought about a transformation for blacks. The south was irritated at the Blacks since they had picked up their opportunity against the will of numerous southern white men. African American had their opportunity again at the same time, they needed to battle to pick up suffrage and social liberties. December 1865 imprints the most critical crossroads in history for all African American in the United States of America. Black people was free once more. They were free from bondage be that as it may, theRead MoreMaya Angelou1076 Words   |  5 Pagesand civil rights activist in the 1960s. She has struggled at many times in her life; when her parents divorced at the age of three, being raped by her mother’s boyfriend just after moving back to live with them, and refusing to speak for five yea rs because she felt guilty for reporting the crime. The poem portrays an ironic response towards people who have persistently put her down, due to the fact that she is now overcoming this, and is most likely having a better current life than her last oppressorsRead More President Abraham Lincoln Essay2204 Words   |  9 PagesLincoln with his presidency was his vice president, Hannibal Hamlin. William H. Seward was Lincoln’s Secretary of State, and he distributed statutes, administered elections, kept archives, etc. Simon Cameron and Edwin M. Stanton were his Secretaries of War, and they were responsible for all military affairs not including the Navy. Montgomery Blair and William Dennison were the Postmaster Generals, and they were the executive head of the postal system of the United States. Caleb B. Smith, John P. UsherRead MoreEssay on Nursing and Medicine of the Civil War2527 Words   |  11 PagesNursing and Medicine Of the American Civil War Kristy Michelle Pickard-4756 History 2111 – Fall 2009 On April 12, 1861 in Fort Sumter, SC Confederate troops fired the first shots of the Four Year American Civil War. After the first few battles were fought, both sides faced the realization of how they desperately needed doctors and nurses to care for the injured soldiers. (1) The first nurses were recuperating soldiers (rebel) however; their own illnesses prevented them from providing properRead More Survival and Love in Charles Frazier’s Cold Mountain Essay example3119 Words   |  13 Pagescontemporary writings of today. One such work is Cold Mountain by Charles Frazier. This story follows two characters, Inman and Ada, who barely know each other and are forced apart by the Civil War. As Ada waits in North Carolina Appalachia for Inman to return home from three years of battle, Inman decides to abandon the war effort and journey across the Southern states to reach his beloved. Although this may seem like a simple love story, the changes each lover goes through in their journey ofRead MoreWhat Did David ( Mickey ) Marcus, The First General Of The Israeli Army1880 Words   |  8 Pagesfirst general of the Israeli Army, affect the creation of the state of Israel?†. David Marcus graduated at the top of his class at West Point and was a honored American solider during World War II. He saw the devastation that this war had caused, first hand when freeing several concentration camps after the war had just ended. Being a Jew but never in touch with his religious side, he didn t know what to do to help the cause. He saw this mass migration of Jews with no place to go and wanted to helpRead MoreThe Crisis Of Identity By William Faulkner1575 Words   |  7 Pagescharacters Miss Emily and Wash Jones, most notably his damaged sexual and social identities. Similar to Faulkner, both Miss Emily and Wash Jones hail from degraded Southern backgrounds. In a â €Å"Rose for Emily,† with the fall of the Confederacy during the Civil War, Miss Emily’s family plummeted socially: â€Å"only Miss Emily’s house was left, lifting its stubborn and coquettish decay above the cotton wagons and the gasoline pumps—an eyesore among eyesores† (392). Miss Emily alone stands as a symbol of the old

Finance Option Pricing Application

Question: Discuss about the Finance for Option Pricing Application. Answer: Real Options Real option gives the holder the right to buy or sell the underlying assets on or before the date of expiration of that specific option. The payoffs of the real options must be contingent. The real option has the significant economic value when there is competition restriction in the contingency event and the presence of exclusivity makes the real option most valuable. There are three determinants of the real option value. They are value of the underlying assets, variance in that value and expected dividend on that assets. Black and Sholes model is an important aspect in this regard. Option Pricing Application Being static and not having any good job capturing ability are the limitations of traditional investment. There are three kind of options that can make an investment a bad investment and they are the option to delay, to take advantage of other opportunities and option to abandon. In the option to delay, the NPV is negative and the IRR is less than the hurdle rate. An unacceptable project can be made acceptable with the help of option to abandon. However, this needs to be weighted off against the abandonment value. Option Pricing Application in Capital Structure Decision Design of securities is the most direct application of the option pricing in capital structure. Valuation o flexibility is the other application of option pricing. In order to have the option of taking the future projects, a firm uses to maintain large cash balances and excess debts. The external debt capacity becomes useful when the external reinvestment needs exceeds the firms internal investment needs. The firms value will be increase than the present value if excess return is earned by the investment. The value of flexibility will be greater at the time of more unpredictable investment needs. Option Pricing Application in Valuation A troubled firms equity can be considered as the call option to liquidate the firm. The amount of equity in a firm is a residual claim. At the time of liquidation of the firm, the equity shareholders get the leftover of the firm after paying all the debts and financial claims of the others. There are two claim holders in a firm and they are the debt and the equity. Acquisition As per the financial managers, the long term benefits of the merger and acquisition cannot be seen by the market. Acquisition firms have more trouble creating value than the internal investment firms. The structurally wrong factors of acquisition are supported by the mistakes. There are seven mistakes or sins in the process of acquisition. They are Transference of Risk, Subsidies of Debt, Auto-Pilot Control, Elusive Synergy, Relativity, and Verdict first and Trail afterwards and its not the fault. Value Enhancement There are four ways to create or enhance the value. They are I) the increase in the cash flow by the existing assets, II) the increase in the expected growth rate in these cash flows, III) the extension in the high growth period to allow more years of high growth and IV) the reduction in the cost of capital.